In examining the charge of a 17-year-old teenager, the judge of this case, while observing domestic and international laws related to the rights of children and adolescents, based on scientific and professional theories in the field of child and adolescent psychology and counseling and issued a verdict in accordance with legal and international evidence.
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It is essential for the quality of the administration of child justice that all the professionals involved receive appropriate training on the content and meaning of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in general and in particular training on the provisions that relates to their daily work. The training should be systematic and continuous and should not be limited to information on the relevant national and international legal provisions. It should include established and emerging information from a variety of fields on, inter alia, the social and other causes of crime, the social and psychological development of children, with special focus on girls and children belonging to minorities or indigenous peoples, and the available measures to deal with children in violation of the law, in particular the alternative measures for judicial proceedings. A special consideration should also be given to the possible use of new technologies such as video “court appearances”, while noting the risks of others, such as DNA profiling.”*
In this context, this manual aims to:
– Provide a reference tool for lawyers working with children in conflict with the
law within a system of procedures consistent with international standards,
national legislation and best practices.
– Achieve coordination and integration among those involved with children in
conflict with the law, in particular among social service providers and lawyers.
*CRC General Comment No. 24 (2019) on children’s rights in the child justice system, para. 112.
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This report is intended for distribution to all partners involved in strengthening justice systems. A competency-based approach is as important for training as it is for assessing the performance of magistrates who interact with children in contact with the justice system. This report first describes the various stages of the reflection process about the core competencies for judges and prosecutors, even though the process was part of a broader initiative involving all facets of the child protection system.
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After enduring three military conflicts since the early 1980s, sectarian violence, and volatile security conditions nationwide, Iraq is now emerging from a protracted period of instability. Insurgent activity has declined and elections in 2009 and 2010 were, despite some setbacks, viewed as largely successful. With the continued drawdown of American forces and improved security conditions (the two issues that have dominated the public discourse since the most recent military intervention in 2003), the Iraqi government may now turn its attention to other pressing matters. Among those critical matters is strengthening the juvenile justice system. In 2010 Iraqis are presented with a real opportunity to improve the lives and prospects of some of their most vulnerable citizens.
Regional Guidelines have much in common. Yet there is a need for Guidelines drawn from a global international perspective, to which people may refer whatever country they come from.
In domains such as health and social services as well as delinquency and crime policies, it is usual to distinguish between three levels of prevention. Primary prevention aims at avoiding the initial occurrence of a problem through strategies that apply to the population at large. Secondary prevention aims at avoiding the occurrence of the problem through more targeted interventions, directed at people who are identified as being at risk. Tertiary prevention aims at reducing recurrence amongst persons facing the same problem again, through interventions targeted at those who are being touched by the problem. In such spheres as delinquency prevention, child protection and similar areas, justice interventions aim at preventing recurrence of the problem and, therefore, are part of what is viewed as tertiary prevention. As they aim at ensuring the quality of children’s interactions with the justice system, including due respect for the rights of children, the Guidelines are part of tertiary prevention and do not impinge on the other two levels of prevention.
This report follows the outcomes of the 2011 Kampala Conference on Juvenile Justice, evaluating and proposing African Juvenile Justice Policies.
The Kampala Global Conference on Child Justice was aimed at bringing together justice actors globally and mobilising effective follow-up actions of national and international legislation policies and practices, with regard to implementing child friendly justice systems in Africa. The conference drew lessons from Europe, Latin America and Asia and foster learning for Africa.
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This NGO report provides an extensive review of international reform history and opportunity to create a global child’s rights framework.
Prepared by an International Working Group of the International Association of Youth and Family Judges and Magistrates, this report provides an extensive review of international reform history and opportunity to create a global child’s rights framework.
“The International Association of Youth and Family Judges and Magistrates (IAYFJM) is an NGO (Non-Governmental Organisation) with consultative status at the Council of Europe and associated with ONU\’s Department of Public Information (DPI). It represents worldwide efforts to establish links between judges from different countries but also with other international associations working in the sector of the protection of youth and family. It promotes research on international problems facing the operation of the courts and various laws relating to youth and family.”
This Legal Study incorporates qualitative research alongside legal review to contextualize and assess the state of children’s rights in Iran as well as provide conclusions toward reforms.
“In 2015-2016, a number of activists at the grassroots level took it upon themselves to research children’s rights in Iran. Following research, comparative analysis and consultation, interviews with children as well as experts and activists working on children and their rights, this legal study was produced. The five areas of children’s rights in Iranian laws include:
1. Children’s education rights;
2. Children’s labour rights;
3. Children’s marriage rights;
4. Children’s legal and judicial rights; and
5. Children’s health rights.
After examining these rights in relation to theory and application of laws in Iran, the study offers recommendations for the above areas, in the hope that it will help develop appropriate legislation for children’s rights in Iran at the local, national and international levels. These recommendations include:
• In the area of children’s’ education rights, the laws need to be reformed to conform with the principles of the Constitution;
• In the area of children’s labour rights, in addition to legal reforms, proper enforcement mechanisms are required;
• In the area of children’s health rights, new laws need to be put in place;
• In the area of children’s marriage rights, legal reforms and creation of suitable enforcement mechanisms are required;
• In the area of children’s legal and judicial rights, legal reforms are required.”
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Juvenile Justice in the West Bank: Analysis and Recommendations for Reform examines the challenges facing juveniles in the criminal justice system of the West Bank.
“Juvenile Justice in the West Bank: Analysis and Recommendations for Reform examines the challenges facing juveniles in the criminal justice system of the West Bank and provides recommendations to remedy systemic problems, in order to ensure that the rights of juveniles are protected. More specifically, the report 1) documents the current state of juvenile justice reform in the West Bank, the experiences of the International Legal Foundation’s (ILF) juvenile clients and other juveniles within the Palestinian justice system, and the effect that their involvement in the criminal justice system has on their daily lives; and 2) based on this information, analyzes the extent to which laws protecting the rights of accused juveniles are being implemented in practice.”
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